Exploring the Global Innovation Systems Perspective by Applying Openness Index to National Systems of Innovation
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper raises the question of whether global innovation systems (GIS), expanded networks actors beyond national boundaries, could be a new sibling perspectives. We argue that in today’s globalized world, it is idoneous to analyze activities context rather than or regional one. To confirm this argument, first, previous research reviewed understand how GIS perspective has emerged and what different aspects have enabled these discussions. Distinct gaps from body literature are identified, such as lack united definition, leading causes, empirical evidence GIS. With understanding perspective’s background, aims overcome challenge filling out using two-stage approaches. The first approach suggests three building blocks (global institutions, networks, knowledge-base). Using open concept, second measures openness (NIS) OECD DAC (Development Assistance Committee) member countries represent tangibility perspective. concludes would provide us with valuable viewpoint for analyzing current economy form observed when measured.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of open innovation
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2199-8531']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8040181